Commentaire sur Bava Batra 5:10
הַסִּיטוֹן מְקַנֵּחַ מִדּוֹתָיו אַחַת לִשְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם, וּבַעַל הַבַּיִת אַחַת לִשְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חֹדֶשׁ. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר, חִלּוּף הַדְּבָרִים. חֶנְוָנִי מְקַנֵּחַ מִדּוֹתָיו פַּעֲמַיִם בַּשַּׁבָּת, וּמְמַחֶה מִשְׁקְלוֹתָיו פַּעַם אַחַת בַּשַּׁבָּת, וּמְקַנֵּחַ מֹאזְנַיִם עַל כָּל מִשְׁקָל וּמִשְׁקָל:
Le grossiste nettoie ses mesures une fois tous les trente jours [à cause du vin et de l'huile qui s'y figent et réduisent ainsi la mesure.], Et un propriétaire, [qui ne vend pas à l'échelle d'un grossiste], une fois tous les douze mois. R. Shimon n. Gamliel dit: Juste le contraire. Un commerçant nettoie ses mesures deux fois par semaine [Pour un commerçant n'est pas obligé de "goutter" trois gouttes comme un grossiste et un propriétaire sont (voir 3: 8), et (résidu) reste dans le récipient et s'y colle.], et il essuie ses poids [c'est-à-dire qu'il nettoie les pierres de ses écailles avec lesquelles il mesure les choses humides] une fois par semaine. Et il nettoie sa balance à chaque pesée.
Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Batra
The shopkeeper must clean out his measures twice in the week and polish his weights once a week and clean out his scales after every weighing.
Mishnah ten deals with the proper maintenance of weights and measures to ensure that the purchaser does not receive less than he bought.
The Torah (Leviticus 19:35-36) forbids falsifying weights and commands a person to keep properly weighed and maintained weights and measures. Our mishnah is concerned with the proper maintenance of weights and measures. According to the anonymous opinion in section one, a wholesaler who uses his measures frequently must clean them out once every thirty days. This is to prevent the buildup on the sides of the containers which will reduce the amount purchased. A householder, who uses his measure less frequently, need clean them out only once a year. Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel holds that the opposite is true. According to him the more frequently one uses the measures, the less buildup will accumulate. Therefore, a householder must clean them out once every thirty days and a wholesaler only once a year. A shopkeeper, who uses his weights frequently, must clean them out twice a week. In addition he must once a week polish his weights so that they don’t grow heavier and clean out his scales after every use so that they don’t accumulate buildup.